Antivenoms

SCIENTIFIC NAME
COMMON NAME
CHOICE OF ANTIVENOM
Acanthophis antarcticus antarcticus Common death adder
  1. (Australia) CSL: Death Adder Anti-venom (2-6 vials) 1,2,3
  2. (Australia - New Guinea) CSL: Polyvalent1,2,3
Acanthophis antarcticus laevis Eastern death adder
  1. (Australia) CSL: Death Adder Antivenom (2-6 vials)1,2,3
  2. (Australia - New Guinea) CSL: Polyvalent1,2,3
Acanthophis pyrrhus Desert or Central death adder
  1. (Australia) CSL: Death Adder Antivenom (2-6 vials)1,3
  2. (Australia-New Guinea) CSL: Polyvalent3
Bothrops alternatus Urutu
  1. (USA) Wyeth Crotalidae: Polyvalent1,2,3
  2. (Brazil) Butantan: Antibothropico1,2,3
  3. (Brazil) Syntex: Antibothropico1,2
Bothrops atrox Barba amarilla (Fer-de-lance)
  1. (USA) Wyeth Crotalidae: Polyvalent1,2,3
  2. (Brazil) Butantan: Antibothropico2,3
  3. (Brazil) Syntex: Antibothropico1,2
  4. (Mexico) INH: Polyvalent1,2
Bothrops atroxalsoBothrops asper Terciopelo (Fer-de-lance)
  1. (USA) Wyeth Crotalidae: Polyvalent1,2,3
  2. (Costa Rica) Polyvalent1,2
  3. (Brazil) Butantan:Antibothropico3
  4. (Mexico) INH: Polyvalent1
Bothrops andianus Andean pit viper
  1. (USA) Wyeth Crotalidae: Polyvalent1,3
  2. (Brazil) Butantan: Antibothropico3
Bothrops bilineatus bilineatus Amazonian pit viper
  1. (USA) Wyeth Crotalidae: Polyvalent1,3
  2. (Venezuela) Polyvalent1
  3. (Brazil) Butantan: Antibothropico3
Bothrops brazili Brazil's tree viper
  1. (USA) Wyeth Crotalidae: Polyvalent1,3
  2. (Peru) INH: Polyvalent1
  3. (Brazil) Butantan: Antibothropico3
Bothrops caribbeaus St. Lucia pit viper
  1. (USA) Wyeth Crotalidae: Polyvalent1,3
  2. (Brazil) Butantan: Antibothropico3
Bothrops cotiara Cotiara
  1. (USA) Wyeth Crotalidae: Polyvalent1,2,3
  2. (Brazil) Butantan: Antibothropico1,2,3
  3. (Brazil) Syntex: Antibothropico1,2
  4. (Brazil) Butantan: Antiphidico1
Bothrops godmani Godman's pit viper
  1. (USA) Wyeth Crotalidae: Polyvalent1,2,3
  2. (Costa Rica) Polyvalent1,2
  3. (Brazil) Butantan: Antibothropico3
Bothrops jararaca Jararaca
  1. (USA) Wyeth Crotalidae: Polyvalent1,2,3
  2. (Brazil) Butantan: Antibothropico1,2,3
  3. (Brazil) Butantan: Antibothropico -lachetic1,2
  4. (Brazil) Syntex: Antibothropico1,2
Bothrops jararacussu Jararacussu
  1. (USA) Wyeth Crotalidae: Polyvalent1,2,3
  2. (Brazil) Butantan: Antibothropico1,2,3
  3. (Brazil) Butantan: Antibothropico - lachetic1,2
  4. (Brazil) Syntex: Antibothropico1,2
Bothrops lanceolatus Fer-de-lance
  1. (USA) Wyeth Crotalidae: Polyvalent1,3
  2. (Brazil) Butantan: Antibothropico3
Bothrops lateralis Palm viper

Yellow-lined palm (pit) viper

  1. (USA) Wyeth Crotalidae: Polyvalent1,2,3
  2. (Costa Rica) Polyvalent1,2
  3. (Brazil) Butantan: Antibothropico3
Bothrops nasuta Hog-nosed pit viper

Hog-nosed viper

  1. (USA) Wyeth Crotalidae: Polyvalent1,2,3
  2. (Costa Rica) Polyvalent1,2
  3. (Brazil) Butantan: Antibothropico3
Bothrops neuwiedi Maxmilian's viper

Wied's lancehead

  1. (USA) Wyeth Crotalidae: Polyvalent1,3
  2. (Brazil) Butantan: Antibothropico1,3
  3. (Brazil) Butantan: Antiphidico1
  4. (Brazil) Butantan: Antibothropico - lachetico1
Bothrops nigroviridis Black spotted palm (pit) viper
  1. (USA) Wyeth Crotalidae: Polyvalent1,2,3
  2. (Costa Rica) Polyvalent1,2
  3. (Brazil) Butantan: Antibothropico3
Bothrops nummifer Jumping pit viper

Jumping viper

  1. (USA) Wyeth Crotalidae: Polyvalent1,2,3
  2. (Costa Rica) Polyvalent1,2
  3. (Brazil) Butantan: Antibothropico3
Bothrops ophroyomegas Western hog-nosed pit viper
  1. (USA) Wyeth Crotalidae: Polyvalent1,2,3
  2. (Costa Rica) Polyvalent1,2
  3. (Brazil) Butantan: Antibothropico3
Bothrops peruvianus Peruvian pit viper
  1. (USA) Wyeth Crotalidae: Polyvalent1,3
  2. (Brazil) Butantan: Antibothropico3
Bothrops picadoi Picadoi pit viper
  1. (USA) Wyeth Crotalidae: Polyvalent1,2,3
  2. (Costa Rica) Polyvalent1,2
  3. (Brazil) Butantan: Antibothropico3
Bothrops schlegeli Eyelash viper
  1. (USA) Wyeth Crotalidae: Polyvalent1,2,3
  2. (Costa Rica) Polyvalent1,2
  3. (Venezuela) Polyvalent1
  4. (Brazil) Butantan: Antibothropico3
Bungarus caeruleus Indian krait
  1. (Australia) CSL: Tiger Snake3
  2. (Australia) CSL: Polyvalent3
  3. (Australia) CSL: Death Adder3
  4. (India) Haffkine: Bungarus1,2
  5. (India) Haffkine: Polyvalent1,2
Bungarus candidus Malayan krait
  1. (Australia) CSL: Tiger Snake3
  2. (Australia) CSL: Polyvalent3
  3. (Australia) CSL: Death Adder3
  4. (India) Haffkine: Polyvalent4
Bungarus fasciatus Banded krait
  1. (Australia) CSL: Tiger Snake3
  2. (Australia) CSL: Polyvalent3
  3. (Australia) CSL: Death Adder3
  4. (India) Kasuli: Polyvalent1
  5. (Indonesia) Persuahaan negara Bio farma: Bungarus1,2,*
Bungarus flaviceps Red-headed krait
  1. (Australia) CSL: Tiger Snake3
  2. (Australia) CSL: Polyvalent3
  3. (Australia) CSL: Death Adder3
Bungarus multicinetus Taiwan krait
  1. (Australia) CSL: Tiger Snake3
  2. (Australia) CSL: Polyvalent3
  3. (Australia) CSL: Death Adder3
  4. (India) Haffkine: Bungarus2,*
  5. (Taiwan) Nat. Inst. of Preventative Med: Naja-Bungarus1,2
Crotalus species of N. America Rattlesnakes of Canada, USA, and Mexico
  1. (USA) Wyeth Crotalidae: Polyvalent1,2,3
  2. (Mexico) MYN: Polyvalent1,2,*
  3. (Mexico) MYN: Anticrotalico1,2,3,*
  4. (Mexico) INH: Polyvalent1,2
Crotalus basiliscus Mexican West Coast rattlesnake
  1. (USA) Wyeth Crotalidae: Polyvalent1,2,3
  2. (Mexico) INH: Polyvalent1,2
  3. (Mexico) MYN: Anticrotalico1,*
  4. (Mexico) MYN Polyvalent - Crotalus1,3,*
Crotalus durissus durissus Central American rattlesnake
  1. (USA) Wyeth Crotalidae: Polyvalent1,3 Neotropical rattlesnake
  2. (Costa Rica) Polyvalent1,2
  3. (Brazil) Butantan: Anticrotalico2
  4. (Mexico) MYN: Anticrotalico3,*
Crotalus durissus terrificus South American rattlesnake
  1. (USA) Wyeth Crotalidae: Polyvalent1,2,3 Cascabel
  2. (Brazil) Butantan: Anticrotalico1
  3. (Brazil)Syntex: Anticrotalico1,2
  4. (Mexico) INH: Polyvalent1,2
  5. (Mexico) MYN: Anticrotalico1,2,3,*
Crotalus tigris Tiger rattlesnake
  1. (USA) Wyeth Crotalidae: Polyvalent1,2,3
  2. (Mexico) MYN: Polyvalent - Crotalus1,2,3,*
  3. (Mexico) MYN: Polyvalent1,2,*
Dendroaspis angusticeps Eastern (Africa) green mamba
  1. (S. Africa) SAIMR: Polyvalent (4-12 vials)1,2,3
  2. (France) Dendroaspis1,3,P
Dendroaspis jamesoni jamesoni Jameson's mamba
  1. (S. Africa) SAIMR: Polyvalent (4-15 vials)1,2,3
  2. (France) Dendroaspis1,2,3
Dendroaspis jamesoni kaimosae Eastern African Jameson's mamba
  1. (S. Africa) SAIMR: Polyvalent (4-15 vials)1,2,3
  2. (France) Dendroaspis1,2,3
Dendroaspis polylepis polylepis Black mamba
  1. (S. Africa) SAIMR: Polyvalent (4-20 vials)1,2,3
  2. (France) Dendroaspis1,2,3,P
  3. (Germany) Central Africa1,2
Dendroaspis polylepis antinorii Antinori's black mamba
  1. (S. Africa) SAIMR: Polyvalent (4-20 vials)1,2,3
  2. (France) Dendroaspis1,2,3,P
  3. (Germany) Central Africa1,2
Dendroaspis viridis Western (Africa) green mamba
  1. (France) Dendroaspis: Trivalent Mamba (4-12 vials)1,2,3
  2. (S. Africa) SAIMR: Polyvalent1,2,3
  3. (Germany) Central Africa1,2
Lachesis mutus mutus Bushmaster

Surucucu

  1. (USA) Wyeth Crotalidae: Polyvalent1,2,3
  2. (Brazil) Butantan: Antilaquetico1,2,3
  3. (Brazil) Butantan: Antibothropico - lachetico1,2
  4. (Costa Rica) Polyvalent1,2
Lachesis mutus stenophrys Bushmaster
  1. (USA) Wyeth Crotalidae: Polyvalent1,2,3
  2. (Costa Rica) Antilaquesico1,2,*
  3. (Costa Rica) Polyvalent1
  4. (Brazil) Butantan: Antilaquetico1,3
Naja melanoleuca Forest Cobra

Black (and White) Cobra

  1. (S. Africa) SAIMR: Polyvalent (4-10 vials)1,2,3
  2. (Iran) Razi: Polyvalent3
  3. (Australia)CSL: Polyvalent3
  4. (Germany) Central & Northwest Africa1,2,3
  5. (France) Bitis-Echis-Naja1,2
Naja naja kaouthia Monocled

Monocellate

  1. (India)Haffkine: Polyvalent (3-15 vials)1
  2. (Iran) Razi: Naja naja monovalent or polyvalent3
  3. (S. Africa) SAIMR: Polyvalent1,3
  4. (Australia) Polyvalent1,3
  5. (Thailand) Cobra1,2
Naja naja naja Indian cobra or Cobra de Capello

Common cobra

  1. (India)Haffkine: Polyvalent (3-15 vials)1,2
  2. (Iran) Razi: Polyvalent or Monovalent3
  3. (S. Africa) SAIMR: Polyvalent1,2,3
  4. (Australia) Polyvalent3
  5. (France) Near Middle East1
Naja nivea Cape cobra

Yellow cobra

  1. (Africa) SAIMR: Polyvalent (4-20 vials)1,2,3
  2. (Iran) Razi: Polyvalent3
  3. (Australia) Polyvalent3
  4. (France) Bitis-Echis-Naja1,2
Notechis ater ater Krefft's tiger snake
  1. (Australia) CSL: Tiger Snake (5-10 vials)3
  2. (Australia) CSL: Polyvalent3
Notechis ater humphreysi King Island tiger snake
  1. (Australia) CSL: Tiger Snake (3-12 vials)3
  2. (Australia) CSL: Polyvalent3
Notechis ater niger Peninsula or Southern tiger snake
  1. (Australia) CSL: Tiger Snake (7-12 vials)3
  2. (Australia) CSL: Polyvalent3
Notechis ater occidentalis Western Australian tiger snake
  1. (Australia) CSL: Tiger Snake (5-12 vials)3
  2. (Australia) CSL: Polyvalent3
Notechis ater serventyi Chappell Island tiger snake
  1. (Australia) CSL: Tiger Snake (5-12 vials)3
  2. (Australia) CSL: Polyvalent3
Notechis scutatus scutatus Australian Mainland or Common tiger snake
  1. (Australia) CSL: Tiger Snake (1-10 vials)1,2,3
  2. (Australia) CSL: Polyvalent1,2,3
Ophiophagus hannah King cobra
  1. (Australia) CSL: Tiger Snake (4-20 vials)3
  2. (S. Africa) SAIMR: Polyvalent1,3
  3. (Australia) CSL: Polyvalent3
  4. (Thailand) King Cobra1,2
Oxyuranus microlepidotus Inland taipan
  1. (Australia) CSL: Taipan (1-10 vials)3
  2. (Australia) CSL: Polyvalent3
Oxyuranus scutellatus canni Papuan taipan
  1. (Australia) CSL: Taipan (1-10 vials)1,2,3
  2. (Australia) CSL: Polyvalent1,2,3
Oxyuranus scutellatus scutellatus Australian taipan
  1. (Australia) CSL: Taipan (1-10 vials)1,2,3
  2. (Australia) CSL: Polyvalent1,2,3
Vipera russelli (siamensis) Russell's viper
  1. (India) Haffkine: Polyvalent3
  2. (India) Kasauli: Polyvalent1,2
  3. (Iran) Polyvalent2
  4. (Burma) Divalent1,*
  5. (India) Haffkine: Vipera1,2,*

 

 

1 Russell, F.E.: Snake Venom Poisoning. Scholium International, Inc. Great Neck, New York, 1983. Pages 374-394.
2 Antivenom Index. American Association of Zoological Parks and Aquariums, and American Association of Poison Control Centers, Tuscon, Arizona, 1986. Pages 12-25.
3 Minton, S.A.: Personal communication to the San Diego Zoo, 1985.
4 Warrell, D.A., Looareesuwan, S., et al: Severe neurotoxic envenoming by the Malayan krait Bungarus candidus (linnaeus): Response to antivenom and anticholinesterase. Brit Med J, 286:678-680, February 1983.
* Not available in antivenom, index participating institutions.
P Paraspecific

CSL= Commonwealth Serum Laboratories
INH= Inst. Nacional de Higiene